German Place Names in South Australia
 

The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA)

Thursday 3 August 1916


PURGING THE MAP

GERMAN PLACE NAMES  

TO GO.

MOTION BEFORE THE

ASSEMBLY.

SUPPORT FROM BOTH SIDES.


Considerable interest was manifested in

the House of Assembly on Wednesday in

the motion by Mr. Ponder - ”That, in the

opinion of this House, the time has now

arrived when the names of all towns and

districts in South Australia which indicate

a foreign enemy origin should be altered,

and that such places should be designated

by names either of British origin or South

Australian native origin." It was nearly  

two years, Mr. Ponder said, since he first

brought the matter before the House.

When in September, 1914, he had asked

the then Attorney-General (Mr. Homburg)

if the Ministry were prepared to follow  

what had been done in other parts of the

world in altering names of German origin

-as in the case of Petrograd-that gentle

man had replied that there was no merit

in.the proposition, adding that "there

would be no satisfaction to any broad

minded person, but such action would give

offence to a large number of excellent citi-

zens whose loyalty stood unquestioned."

He (Mr. Ponder) had afterwards, given

notice of a motion on the subject, but it

had been crowded off the agenda paper

owing to the closing of the session. Aus-

tralia had sent about 250,000 of her.best

men to the war, and thousands ¡of homes

would curse the day there was a war.

Mr. James - They will curse the day

there ever was a Kaiser.

Mr. Ponder said the Kaiser's name

would be cursed for centuries. Since two

years ago a change had come over

the House of Assembly. The four

members bearing German names had  

gone, and he knew that members who  

would not two years ago view this propo-

sal with any favor to-day looked upon

it as a very necessary thing to do. It

would not be fair to say all the people of

the German nation were liars, murderers,

and baby-slayers. He had nothing against  

those who were loyal subjects of the Bri-

tish Crown. The present war, however,

had demonstrated that the Germans as a

nation had been guilty of some of the

most atrocious things ever perpetrated in

the name of war. It was only necessary

to instance the sinking of the Lusi-  

tania, the murder of Nurse Cavell,

and the assassination of Captain Fryatt.

One had been forced to the conclusion

that as a nation they were very different

from the British people. South Australia  

had been very kind to the German colo-

nists. Among other things, they had al-  

lowed them to name their own towns, and

there were no fewer than 42 German names

of places and districts. The idea of chang-

ing the names had grown to such an extent

in this State that if a poll were, taken he

believed 90 per cent of the people would

be in favor of a change to British or eupho-

nious Australian native names. Nearly

every week they received evidence of the

feet that people with German names were

changing them.

Mr. Robinson - Some find that they can-

not get a living-without changing their

names.  

Mr. Ponder said some people thought it

was a terrible thing to change the name

of a place, but nothing had happened be-

cause the name of St. Petersburg had been

changed to Petrograd. The names of other  

places had also been changed. If it was

necessary pass a bill through Parlia-  

ment he was sure there would be no dif-

ficulty. In South Australia they had names

like Kaiserstuhl and Ehrenbreitstein. There

was only one German name he would like

to see retained on the map of Australia,

and that was the name of Leichhardt, the

explorer. He would like to see other words

substituted for the following 42 names:

Bethanien, Bismarck, Blumberg, Blumen-

thal, Buchsfelde. Ehrenbreitstein, Fried  

richstadt, Friedrichswalcle, German Creek,

German Town, Gnadenfrei, Gruenberg,

Hahndorf, Heidelberg, Hermann's Landing,

Hoffnungsthal, Homburg, Karte, Kaiser-

stuhl, Klenwig, Krichhauff, Kronsdorf,

Langdorft, Langmeil, Lobethal, Nain, Neu-

dorf, Neukirch. New Hamburg, New Meck-

lenburg. North Rhine, Paech, Pflaum,

Rhine Flat Landing. Rhine River, Rhine

Villa, Rosenthal, Schoenthal. Schreiberau,

Schomburgk, Steinfeld, and Siegersdorf.

There should be a nomenclature committee

of say, half a dozen of the best known

men in South Australia, and the Univer-

sity, and Tourist Bureau should have re-

presentation upon it. Such a committee, he

was sure, would perpetuate native names.

Mount Kitchener would be a very ap-

propriate name for the mount near Ta-

nunda, known as Kaiserstuhl. The name

of Cavell - Nurse Cavell - should also be

perpetuated and it might be give to

Sedan which perpetuated the humiliation

over the French in the war of 1870.  The

Nomenclature Committee should be made

a permanent body. In South Australia

there were names as absurd as it was pos-

sible to see anywhere - names such as Dub-

lin, Wild Horse Plains, Billy Goat Flat,

and Dead Man's Gulch. They should show

some originality in their nomenclature.

If Germany won the war the British names

would soon disappear and King William

street would become Kaiser Wilhelmstrasse.

Australia, however, was going to be re-

tained for the-British, and he hoped Bri-

tish and Australian names would be sub-

stituted for those which did not commend

themselves.

The Hon. T. Verran seconded the motion

becanse it was right and British They

had-manifested a grave folly in allowing

people to come here from other countries

and be nationalised. They were a British

country with people singing "Britannia

rules the waves," and yet they allowed

people to come here, give their own names

tor the towns. Did anyone mean to  

tell him that the people in these towns

were all loyal?

Mr. Ryan - They sent their boys to the

war.    

The Hon. J. Verran did not believe it

if the hon. member did. The largest num-  

ber said they would go after the 1917 har-

vest. The,other group said, "We can't go

for conscience sake." If the hon. mem-

ber was in, favor of giving those people full

citizenship that was his business. He (Mr.

Verran) was not going to approve of it.  

He challenged the hon. member for  

Burra who was a knowall, a walking en-

clopaedia-to say whether the Germans

had allowed their children to take part

in patriotic demonstrations.    

The Hon. L. O'Loughlin replied that  

many Germans had given more for patrio-

tic purposes than had Mr. Verran.

Tne Hon. J. Verran - That is a very little

thing to say; just what a small minded man

would say. I have given the only son

that was able.

The Hon. L. O'Loughlin - That's not the

point.

The Hon. J. Verran - How do you know

how much I have given?

The Hon. L. O'Loughlin - I make an as

assertion; you can deny it.

The Hon. J. Verran said Mr. O'Loughlin

was questioning his veracity.

The Hon. L. O'Loughlin - I can prove

what I say.  

The Hon. J. Verran - You might be able

to stand for your own district, but not for  

other people's pockets. The hon. member  

makes his statement and crawls out of it.

The Hon. L. O'Loughlin - I do not crawl

out of it. I will prove it when I get up.

At this stage the speaker insisted upon

order.

At this stage the speaker insisted upon

order.

The'Premier (Hon. C Vaughan) suppor-

ted the motion, and said he believed it was

one which would commend itself to the

community generally. (Hear, hear.) Feel-

ing ran very high, and to some extent pre-

judice had been, roused, but in this case

the step proposed would be a mild protest

against the barbarous atrocities committed

by Germany. The record of the German

nation was enough to condemn it in history

for all time, and he believed the future

generations of that country would have

qualms of humanity sufficient to despise

those who had dragged the name of Ger-

many in the mire.

Mr. Price - Many of the Sonth Austra-

lian Germans despise them.  

The Premier said he would like to have

seen a clearer indication of their outraged

feeling in regard to the sinking of the

Lusitania. That would bare done some-

thing to remove the strong feeling which

existed at the present time against many

German members of the community.

The Government would endeavor to re-

move from South Australia any record of

association with German "Kultur' by alter-

ing the names as suggested. He was not

certain that all the names were included

in the list were German whether all those sub-  

mitted in the list were German, but that

was a matter which could be fully inves-

gated. he would like so far as pos-

sible to seo native names substituted.    

Loyal German citizens, such as those who  

had given sons to fight for Australia,

would not object to what was being done.  

All who wanted to live as loyal citizens

under the British flag should cast off for

ever any suggestion that they owed alle-

giance outside the land to which they be-

long. If the House carried the motion

the Government would help to put it into

effect at an early date. (Cheers.)

The leader of the Opposition (Hon A.

H. Peake) said his side intended to support

the motion. Two years ago a similar pro-

position was not taken very seriously, but

much had taken place since then. There

had been provocation for the growth of

hostile sentiment and a great deal of an-

tipathy which at that time was not felt

generally. He was not supporting the

motion as a kind of protest against the

acts of atrocity and ferocity committed

by the Germans.

Mr. Ryan - It would not be big enough

for that

The Hon. A. H. Peake said the protest

for that kind of thing lay much deeper in

the bosom, and would be much more  

strongly expressed at the proper time.

They would not be doing an injustice to  

any individual by carrying the motion. The

actuating and compelling motive, so far as

he was concerned, was that they were to-  

day as a people bound to do the best and

most they could to keep out of Aus-

tralia the growth of anything that

might make for German senti-

ment. (Hear, hear.) They bad to make

it a Britisb community, and anything

that would tend to perpetuate racial feel-

ing, such as these names, must go. He

would be sorry if it were considered neces-

sary to do dishonor to such names as

Homburg, Krichauff, Paech, and Pflaum.

They were names of individuals and not

of German places. -

Mr. Robinson - No one did more for

agriculture in South Australia than Mr.

Krichauff.

The Hon. A. H. Peake said Messers.

Homburg, Paech, and Pflaum were

thonght good enough to be elected to

Parliament as representatives of the

people, and they did good work there.

Mr. Ryan supported the motion, but

expressed regret at the bitterness which

bad been introduced by Mr- Verran to

Germans. Many South Australians with

German names had given their sons to

the cause, of the Empire, and were bear-

ing in silence and sadness a bitterness as

great as any wbose fathers, sons, or

brotbers had found a resting place at

Anzac or elsewhere. The feeling of the

country was against German place names,

not because they wanted bitterness to

continue, but because they wanted to

wipe out every trace of it.

The Hon. L. O'Lnughlin took excep-

tion to the manner in which Mr. Verran

had spoken. "There had been no need

to hurt the feelings of any Germans here.

He knew many of them, who were quite

loyal. Mr. Verran had blown off a lot

of hot air.  

Mr. James -You will get an iron cross

for this speech.

The Hon. L. O'Loughlin said Mr. James  

was another who indulged in a lot of hot

air. When they got a German, who was

loyal, let them treat him accordingly

but where he was not loyal intern him.

Mr. Coombe hoped that the names of

Krichauff and Scnombnrgk would be re-

moved from the condemned list.

Thallon. A. H. Peake - Why not Hom-

burg!    

Mr. Coombe said he was limiting it to

Germans who were scientists. The claims

of Krichauff and Schomburgk were quite

above those which relied on a reputation

as politicians.

The Hon. A. H. Peake - We do not

want to erase individuals at all.    

Mr. Coombe said Mr. Krichauff had al-

ways done his best in the interests of scien-

tific agriculture. Such a man rendered a

service to the human race. The same  

might be said of Dr. Schomburgk. who

had done much, as a scientist, It was fit-

ting that his name should be pcrpetuated

He wouId ask the mover not to include

these two names in his list. He endorsed

all that had been said of Mr. Verran so

far as regarded his, sweeping statements.

He was too sweeping altogether.

Mr. Verran - What! I have as much

right to express myself as you have.

Mr. Coombe said he regretted the dis-

paraging statements made from time to

time about those of German descent who

sent their boys to the front. A German

South Australian had gone to the front

with two of his rons, and his third son I

had been turned down because he had a

German name. He knew of germans who  

sent their only sons to the front. It was

not fair or just to make sweeping state-  

ments as Mr. Verran had done.

Mr. Allen supported the motion, but pro-  

tested against some of Tahe remarks made.

He had received a letter from, a constituent  

stating that such statements as those that

bad been made by Mr. Verran were doing

an immense amount of harm. Out of 440

who had gone to tne front from the sou-

thern end of Yorke Peninsula, 44 were of

German origin, and there were many people

feeling their position keenly. Great Bri-

tain was great enough to give to her sub-

jects British fair play. Had the Germans

shown any more disloyalty than that noble

500 at Broken Hill who took a solemn

pledge to resist conscription and to go to  

gaol rather than to war?

The Premier - No place has given more

men than Broken Hill.

Mr. Allen said he would not move a

finger to help any disloyal German, but he

objected to sweeping statements.

Mr. Hague said he thought both sides of

the House would support the motion, but

would condemn the statements made by

Mr. Verran The statements made by

that gentleman and others following in his

wake were doing more to breed disloyalty

than anything else. Germans who had

spoken to him had declared they felt their

position very much. If they were disloyal  

they should be punished, but till they were

proved so, they should receive British, jus-  

tice.

Mr. James said a good many members

on his side of the House had accused his

old friend, Mr. Verran, of blowing off hot

air. Many of them would have to blow

off hot air before the next elections. There

were many who would go outside the House  

and say. "To hell with the Germans," but

they did not have the courage to say it

in Parliament. Germans whom they

thought were loyal were presently found

to be interned. he would support Mr.

Verran in his endeavor to disfranchise the

Germans. He would like to see the land

owned by Germans given to the men who

returned from the front, so that they

would have the qualification to vote for

the Legislative Council. He had no time

for any Germans at present. If the Kai-

ser had been winning the war they would

have soon found out the '"loyal" Germans

in Australia. He appealed to certain mem-

bers to help to disfranchise the Germans

and close tneir schools.

The motion was carried unanimously.


The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA)

Thursday 27 September 1917


GERMAN NAMES.

THE NOMENCLATURE BILL.


German and other place names were dis-

cussed in the House of Assembly- on Wed-

nesday, when the Premier moved the

second reading of a bill to remove desig-

nations of enemy origin from the map of

South Australia and substitute others.

German-sounding place names, he said, had

become obnoxious to the people of the

State. The Nomenclature Committee ap-

pointed last year - Messrs. E. M. Smith,

H. C. Talbot, and R. Cockburn - had done

excellent work, but in its report aboriginal

names had been a little overdone, and he

had suggested that it would be a suitable

time to commemorate heroes of the

greatest war the world had ever seen and

battlefields on which the sons of Australia

had won glory. For Kaiserstuhl he would

like to see something like Mount Lord

Kitchener substituted.

Mr. Goode-Don't yon think there is

danger of names like that being too com-

monly used?

The Premier conld not say what would

be done elsewhere. Let South Australia

do its part in preserving the names of the

national heroes.

Mr. Goode-I don't think men like Kit-

chener need it.

The Premier said such names as French,

Haig, Jellicoe, Beatty, Sturdee, Townsend

of Kut, Maude, Mons, Marne, and Somme

deserved to be perpetuated in South Aus-

tralia. The streams at present designated

the North and South Rhine could he

named the Marne and the Somme. He

would give members an opportunity to

study the report of the committee, which

also contained recommendations for the

removal of duplicated names that caused

confusion. The committee had suggested  

that Hahndorf should be altered to Yan-

taringa, but some of the residents had

made a request for Birdwood, and he

agreed that that would,be a very appro-

priate name.

Mr. Parish said the residents of Lobe-

thal and Somerfeld desired that if any

change was made In those names they

should be Tweeddale and Summerfield re-  

spectively.

Mr. Reidy said the people of Allendale

East objected to that designation being

altered simply because postal officials had

made blunders in confusing it, with some

other Allendale.

Mr. O'Connor drew attention to difficul-

ties that had arisen over native names in

the district of Albert. He asked that  

members should have an opportunity, to

make alterations that were deemed essen-  

tial by residents of their districts, and that

the wishes of the people should have con-

sideration.

Mr. Twopeny complained that a strange  

native, name had been conferred upon

Leigh Creek, against the wishes of the

people of the locality. Any native' names    

adopted should be such as a. reasonable

man would be able to pronounce.

The Premier Said there would necessarily

be a difference of opinion among residents

of the towns affected. The Government

woulcl undertake that, no British name  

would be altered to any other British

name until a schedule had been submitted

to the House. He took it for granted,

however, that German names of townships

and localities would have to go and the

matter had better be left in the hands of

the Government. It would take up the

whole session.to debate every proposed

change. Many suggestions had already

been sent in, and members could rest as-

sured that the greatest care would be ex-

ercised.                  

The second reading was carried and in

committee progress was reported at        

clause 2.

The following articles are transcriptions of some that appeared in the Adelaide Advertiser in 1916-17 on the topic of purging German place names.